Mechanical time fuse



Jan., E3, H925. 152mm O. JUNGHANS MECHANI CAL TIME FUSE Filed March 13. 1924 Ey. z.

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STATS OSKR JUNGHANS, OF SCHRAMBERG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO SOCIETA ANONIMA ARTURO JUNGHANS,

F VENICE, ITALY.

MECHANICAL 'IIME FUSE.

Application led March 13, 1924. Serial No. 699,030.

To all whom ift may concern.' y

Be it known that I, OSKAR JUNGHANS, a citizen of the German Republic, residing at.7

No. 134 of Gaishaldenerstrasse, Schramberg, Germany, have invented. certain new and useful Improvements in Mechanical Time Fuses, of which the following is a specitication.

My invention relates to a mechanical timefuse provided with a percussion fuse and which is commonly called a compound fuse, and the object of my invention is to provide a safety device in connection with said fuse for the purpose of preventing the charge of the projectile from being prematurely ignited while the latter is still withinfthe gun or ordnance or during its early flight through the air. v

Safety-devices are, generally speaking, known 1n fuses of this kind. The invention provides a specifically new means for the purpose which is of very reliable action; the said means comprising a barrier disk inserted between the carrier or support of the fulminating cap or primer and the igniting charge and adapted to turn about a pivot. Preferably I rovide in the said disk a transmitting member such as an explosive pellet which' normally lies in asafe position, but, upon firing, moves together with the disk when the latter swings or turns under the centrifugal 'action exerted upon it during the iight of the projectile, so as to assume a position in line kwith the open igniting charge and in communication with the fulminating cap, so that the charge cannot ignite except when the disk has turned upon lirin owing to centrifugal action during the ight of the projectile through the air.

In the accompanying drawing forming part of this specification I have shown by way of example an embodiment of my invention. In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a vertical axial section of the compound fuse with the top-cap removed;

Figure 2 is a section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1 and Figure 3 is a section taken 'on the line 3 3 of Figure 2.

The fuse illustrated in the several figures combines a mechanical time fuse having a clockwork and a percussion fuse having an impact rod or pinv projectin into the open air from the top-cap, not s own. As the general construction of, a compound fuse of the kind is commonly known, detail description thereof is not deemed necessary.

In the lower part of the main body of the fuse a recess a is provided for the recep tion of a centrifugal barrier'constituted by a disk b mounted on a pivot c fixed in the top plate l of the'igniting charge container n,

the movability of the disk, however, being l limited as will hereinafter be explained more in detail. j L' The disk b, separately illustrated in Figure 3, is'provided with a bore or hole 1n which the transmitting member, such as a charge or pellet Z of readily ignitable nature (picric acid or the like) is embedded. The'disk l) is mounted intermediate between the two parts containing the fulminating cap e and the igniting charge f, respectively; that is to say between the top plate l of the container n and the main body of the fuseinwhich the cap e is located, from which, as usual in fuses of the kind, adetonating or tiring duct or channel (not shown) in said main body leads to a polnt in vertical alinement with a hole Z1 in the top plate Z of the? container n.

Normally, that is to say prior to tiring the projectile, the disk b has a position of rest in which the-hole or the transmitting charge or pellet 'd therein is displaced with relation to the hole Z1 in the top-plate l of the container a and the mouth of the said channel of the main body. In Figure 2 the mouth of the firing channel is indicated by the.. letter e1 and the disk b is shown in this figure in its normal or safe position (full lines) (dotted lines). It will be seen that in the former position the cap e, inclusive of the tiring c annel, and the igniting charge f are separated from each other through the disk 7) since the hole or the pellet d therein is out of line.

The disk b is secured in the said normal or safe position by means of a pin g engaging in a recess in the disk and maintained 1n engagement .by means of a .so-called centrifugal lever h against the action of asprin z' coiled about the pin g. The rovision 0I a securing means of this type is in itself old and needs no detailed description. As usual, the lever h is controlled by a spur gear j of the clockwork so as to not be released and free to swing out of engagement with the pin g through' centrifugal actlon except after the and in its ready position.

clockwork hasbeen actuated for a predetermined eriod of time, as will be readily understood by those'skilled in the art.

Supposing the clockwork has run down subsequent to firing the projectile, the lever,

h will turn through centrifugal action imparted thereto by the revolutions of the projectile whereby the pin g w1ll be released and the spring z' permitted to ra1se the pin out of engagement with the disk b, so that the latter -will also be free to turn under centrifugal action and move from its safe position-#full lines-to the -ready position-dotted lines-in Figure 2. As 'hereinbefore stated the hole or the pellet d inthe disk is, in the latter position, in line with the opening Z1 of the igniting charge covering plate Zland with the'mouth e1 of the firing channel leading tothe fulminatf ing cap e. Consequently on impact the rod or pin m will cause the iringpin k to be brought into tiring contact with the cap e, whereuponl the ignition of the charge f takes place through the firing channel with the mouth e1, the pellet d and the opening 1 1. In fuses of this klnd, the firing pin k usually is provided withV a safety device or detent of its own ',which is released at a proper time in a known manner.

Though I have described with great par-v ticularity of detail the'illustrated embodiment of my invention, yet it is not to be un- -derstood therefrom that the invention. is limited tothe particular construction and arrangement shown, it being' understood that changes in the form, proportion, size, and minor details ma be made within the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit or sacricing any -of the advantages of the invention.

What I claim is:-

1. In a fuse for shells,'the combination of a fuse body having a firing channel.; an ig-` niting charge container attached to the fuse body and having an opening at its top in line with the firing channel; firing mechanism; a pivotally-mounted barrier interposed between the container top vand the channel mouth and provided with a hole, said barrier tending to assume auto.- matically, under thel action of force when the shell is in iii ht, a osition in which its hole directly ahnes with said :ontainer opening and channel mouth; a

centrifugal detent normally engaging said barrier to y hold it out of such osition; and clockwork normally holding said detent'in such engagement but releasing it automatically after a predetermined interval of flight. Y

2. In a fuse for shells, the-combination of a fuse body having a ring' channel; an igniting charge container attached to the fuse body and having an opening at its top in line with the firing channel; firing mechanism; a pivotally-mounted barrier interposed between the container top and the channel mouth and provided with a hole, said barrier tending to assume automatically, under the action of 'centrifugal force when the shell is in flight, a position in which its holedirectly alines with said'container opening and channel mouth; a.v

s ring-loaded in normall enO'aO'in said D b D -barrier to hold it out of such position; and

clockwork normally engaged with Said pin to maintain its engagement with the barrier, but releasing it automatically after a predetermined interval of flight, thereby to enable the pin todisengage the barrier under the action of its loading spring.

3. In a fuse for shells, the combination of a. fuse .body having a firing channel; an ig- .ni-ting charge container attached to the fuse' body and having an opening atl its top in line with the firing channel; firing mechanism; a 'pivotally-mounted barrier interposed between the container top and the channel mouth* and provided with a hole, said barrier tending to assume automatically, under the action of centrifugal force when the shell is in flight, a position in which its holedirectly' alines with said container opening 'and channel mouth; a spring-loaded pin having its inner end normally engaged ina recess in` the barrier to hold the latter out' of such position; and clockwork including a member normally vengaging the outer end of the pin to maintain the engagement of its first-named end in said recess but withdrawn automatically 'from engagement with said pin after a predetermined period of .operation of the clockwork shell.

.In testimony whereof I aix my signature. t

osKAR JUNGHANS.

consequent upon lfiring `of the 

